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Description / Abstract:
This standard specifies the operational and performance
requirements for active interrogation systems for use in homeland
security applications. These systems employ penetrating ionizing
radiation (e.g., neutrons, high-energy x-rays, gamma-rays) to
detect and identify hidden chemical, nuclear, and explosive agents
by detection of stimulated secondary radiations or by nuclear
resonance contrast, giving elemental and/or nuclidic identification
of the composition of the substances-of-interest. These inspection
systems may be designed for open inspection zones of various sizes
or for various sizes of containers such as small packages,
briefcases, suitcases, air cargo containers, passenger vehicles,
two-axle trucks, intermodal cargo containers, semi-trailers/tractor
rigs, or rail cars. The systems may be designed for operation in
indoor, outdoor, or mobile facilities.
At the time of this writing, there are only a few commercially
available active interrogation systems, and most of these are still
in a stage of rapid development. None are yet deployed on a very
broad scale, either domestically or internationally. The
requirements of this standard provide a set of minimally acceptable
performance criteria for preliminary screening of candidate systems
for further consideration. Prior to deployment on a broad scale,
more detailed and realistic testing beyond the scope of this
standard should be carried out, with some test specifications
outside of the public domain. Detectable amounts of substances in
this standard may correspond to quantities that are larger or
smaller than those of significance in particular circumstances.
Successful completion of the tests described in this standard
should not be construed as certification of an ability to
successfully detect and identify all chemical, nuclear, and
explosive agents in all possible cargos, nor as a certification
that false positive rates in actual stream-of-commerce applications
will be no larger than in these tests.
This standard does not consider radiographic imaging
characteristics. However, if active interrogation features that
provide chemical or nuclidic identification of substances are
included in a system that is primarily intended for radiography,
then the active interrogation features of the system may be tested
and evaluated under this standard.
Purpose
The purpose of this standard is to specify the minimum
performance criteria for active interrogation systems to be
considered for use in homeland security applications.